«Завещание» Франсуа Федье русским читателям: два этюда о России, народе, власти и красоте (О книге: Федье Ф. «Мир спасет красота». В России / пер. с фр. П. Епифанова. СПб.: Jaromír Hladík press, 2020)

Annotation

The article presents an overview of a small book by the French philosopher, writer, publicist and translator Francois Fedier (1935-2021), which includes two studies on the history of Russia, Russian literature and culture: FEDIER, F. "Beauty will save the World." In Russia / translated from French by P. Epifanov. St. Petersburg: Jaromír Hladík press, 2020. — 120 p. ISBN: 978-5-60431267-4. The authors discuss the themes of the people and power, philosophy and politics, beauty and harmony, which the French philosopher considers in these writings. Fedier's views on ancient culture and the difference between European and Russian mentalities are analyzed. As for the history of ancient thought, Fedye touches on two important topics: first, the problem of translating the most important terms for humanitarian knowledge, in particular, from ancient Greek into Latin, which was carried out by ancient Roman philosophers. Here, following the outline of M. Heidegger's "history of being," Fedye speaks of interpretations that are "fatal" for the entire history of European thought. However, unlike Heidegger, he believes that the Romans "intercepted" Greek meanings, preventing their own from being revealed. According to Fedya, this implies not only their own fate, but also the common European fate of states and peoples. Secondly, Fedya's attention is focused on the concept of "the people." The second essay is devoted to Fedya's trip to Russia, and the discussion of "the people" extends not only to the ancient meanings of this term, but also to the difference in Russian and primarily German understanding of it. Here, Fedye's judgment hides a kind of naive train of thought: the philosopher tries to combine his primary personal impressions of what he saw in Russia with certain mental constructions that are familiar to him (in particular, he relies on the works of Heidegger). The problem is that Fedya gets his primary personal impressions through the prism of the Western cliches about Russia and Russian culture that have formed, which are full of European knowledge. Since these stable intercultural optics of vision serve as a condition for perception, Fedye's judgments about the understanding of the people and nationality in Russia are quite peculiar. Russian Russian history is most pronounced when he tries to delve (in the course of a dialogue with V. V. Bibikhin) into the author's concept of Russian history (Bibikhin), and, at the same time, into the translation strategy resulting from this concept applied by the Russian thinker in relation to Heidegger. One remarkable circumstance is evident here: Fedier's French idea of the people is much closer to Heidegger's German idea than Bibikhin's attempt to capture the uniqueness of the Russian understanding of nationality in thought. We are facing a dialogue that cannot take place according to the fundamental assumptions of the interlocutors.

Keywords

F. Fedye, Russia, people, power, resistance, state, culture, M. Heidegger, V. V. Bibikhin, F. M. Dostoevsky, "beauty will save the world", home, politics.

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