Transhumanism and eugenic projects of the 20th century

Annotation

The modern narrative of the improvement of mankind as a biological species was formed in Great Britain at the end of the 19th century in the form of eugenic projects, as a practical application of the evolutionary theory of Charles Darwin, which in the 20th century, under the influence of the works of Julian Huxley, among the “red scientists” of Cambridge University, took shape in the contours of a transhumanist pictures of the future of mankind. At the beginning of the 20th century, eugenics under the name "racial hygiene" became widespread throughout the world, which led to the implementation of projects to sterilize "inferior" people. The largest eugenic programs were implemented in Nazi Germany, which received the appropriate legal assessment at the Nuremberg trials. However, eugenic ideas to improve humanity today have received a new impetus for development in connection with the latest achievements in genomic research and genetic engineering technologies, including the creation of transgenic organisms, which inevitably actualizes a number of ethical problems. In the proposed article, these issues are considered both in the historical and theological perspective.

Keywords

Eugenics, transhumanism, genetic engineering, transgenic organisms, xenotransplantation, bioethical problems.

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