Mystical epistemology of J. G. Schwarz: the projective-action utilitarianism

Annotation

The paper investigates the epistemology of J. G. Schwarz. There are three types of knowledge available to man, which are «the curious», «the pleasant» and «the useful». In common they could be respectively designated as rational, sense-aesthetic and moral-mystical. Inside the core of the theory there are three kinds of systematic presuppositions. The first is the intermediate status of a human being. The second is the ternary nature of a person. The third is the historical conditioning of the humankind knowledge experience. Despite of triviality of the presuppositions, Schwarz succeeded in performance of their original synthesis, which had anticipated some of the following routes of the European thought. Mainly it was gained due to the organic involvement of elements of projective, actional and utilitarian approaches, which were caused by Schwarz’s very specific personal situation of the philosophizing.

Keywords

Schwarz, mysticism, cognition, pedagogy, person, historical process.

Literature

1. Berdyaev N. A. The Russian idea. The main problems of Russian thought of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century. — Paris: YMCA-Press, 1971. 260 p.
2. Valitsky A. The history of Russian thought from Enlightenment to Marxism. Moscow: Kan-non+, NGO "Rehabilitation", 2013. 480 p . 3. Vernadsky G. V. Russian Freemasonry in the reign of Catherine II. St. Petersburg: N. I. Novikov Publishing House, 1999. 576 p. 4. Vozchikov V. A. Professor I. G. Schwartz. From the history of Russian education of the XVIII century: a textbook. Biysk: ROAK NGO "All—Russian Literary Community", 2017. 126 p.
5. Zenkovsky V. The History of Russian Philosophy. Moscow: Akademicheskiy Project, Rarity, 2001. — 880 p. 6. Kondakov Yu. E. The Order of the Golden and Pink Cross in Russia. Theoretical degree of Solomon Sciences. St. Petersburg: MP Asterion, 2012— 616 p. 7. Krivko T. M. "The outline of the first bases of the German syllable" by I. G. Schwartz and "The shortened course of the Russian syllable" by V. S. Podshivalov // TvSU Bulletin. The series "Philology". - 2015. — No. 1. — pp. 317-323.
8. Longinov M. N. Novikov and the Moscow Martinists. Moscow: Grachev Printing House and Company, 1867. 568 p.
9. Milyukov P. N. Essays on the history of Russian culture. Ch. 3. Nationalism and public opinion. Issue 2 // Edition of the editorial board of the "World of God" magazine. St. Petersburg: I. P. Skorokhodov Printing House, 1903, pp. 179-424.
10. A letter from an unknown person about Moscow Freemasonry of the XVIII century. Translated from a German manuscript. Olga Balashova [Text] // Russian archive. — 1874. — I (4). — Stlb. 1031-1042.
11. Prokhorov A. I. "The first philosophical person in Russia" // Russian Philosophy. — 2023. — Issue 1(5) — pp. 130-141.
12. Prokhorov A. I. Philosophy of language by I. G. Schwartz: sacralization of historical memory // Bulletin of the Russian Christian Humanitarian Academy. — 2022. — Vol. 23. No. 4. — pp. 130-139.
13. Florovsky G. Archpriest George Florovsky. The Ways of Russian Theology. Minsk: Publishing House of the Belarusian Exarchate, 2006. 608 p.
14. Khudushina I. F. Schwartz // New Philosophical Encyclopedia: in 4 volumes. Vol. 4. / Institute of Philosophy of the Russian Academy of Sciences, National General Scientific Foundation, Moscow: Mysl, 2010, pp. 377-378.
15. Schwartz // Biographical dictionary of professors and teachers Imperial Moscow University. Part II. — M.: University Printing House, 1855. — pp. 574-599.
16. Schwartz I. G. I. G. Schwartz's note on I. I. Mellisino's relationship to him // Schwartz I. G. Conversations about rebirth and Prayer. Notes. Speeches. Materials for biography / comp. A.D. Tyurikov. Donetsk: Weber (Donetsk branch), 2010. pp. 134-145.
17. Schwartz I. G. On three cognitions: curious, pleasant and useful // Lectures / comp. A.D. Tyurikov. Donetsk: Weber (Donetsk branch), 2008. pp. 3-54.
18. Shvarts I. G. Public lectures // Lectures / comp. A.D. Tyurikov. Donetsk: Weber (Donetsk branch), 2008. pp. 55-96.
19. Schwartz I. G. It's about the ways of learning languages // Schwartz I. G. Conversations about rebirth and prayer. Notes. Speeches. Materials for a biography / comp. A.D. Tyurikov. Donetsk: Weber (Donetsk branch), 2010. pp. 92-96.

The research was carried out at the I. Kant Baltic Federal University
at the expense of the grant of the Russian Science Foundation No. 22-18-00214, https://rscf.ru/project/22-18-00214/